Google Sign-In Required for .NET Guided Labs
To verify code authenticity, store your pushed GitHub repositories, and earn the .NET Enterprise certification, please sign in with your student account.
Day 03Sprint 1 • C# 12 Core
2 Hours
Day 3: C# 12 Records, Structs, Immutability & Value Equality
Traditional classes in C# compare by reference (memory address). Records introduce built-in value-based equality, concise primary constructors, and immutability by default, making them the gold standard for Data Transfer Objects (DTOs), event payloads, and API contracts.
Understand why modern enterprise C# prefers records over traditional DTO classes
Learn positional record syntax with automatic value-based equality
Utilize non-destructive mutation with the with expression
Distinguish class vs record class vs record struct
Core Architectural Insights
- public record Person(string Name, int Age); creates an immutable type in 1 line
- Two separate record instances with identical data are considered equal (== returns true)
- The with operator allows cloning an object while modifying select properties
- readonly struct provides maximum memory performance with zero heap allocation
Real-World Developer Analogy
A class is like an ID card (identity matters, two twins with identical looks have different IDs). A record is like a ₹500 banknote (value matters: any two ₹500 notes with identical value are interchangeable).