🏛️ Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Foundations
Object-Oriented Programming models software as real-world objects containing attributes (data members) and behaviors (member functions).
🛡️ Access Specifiers
💻 Code Example: Encapsulated BankAccount Class
⊞C++ Source Code (main.cpp)
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
class BankAccount {
private:
std::string accountNumber;
double balance; // Private data protected from unauthorized external modification
public:
// Setter method with validation
void setDetails(std::string accNum, double initialDeposit) {
accountNumber = accNum;
balance = (initialDeposit >= 0) ? initialDeposit : 0.0;
}
void deposit(double amount) {
if (amount > 0) balance += amount;
}
void displayInfo() const {
std::cout << "Acc: " << accountNumber << " | Balance: $" << balance << std::endl;
}
};
int main() {
BankAccount account1;
account1.setDetails("NS-88401", 1500.00);
account1.deposit(500.00);
account1.displayInfo();
return 0;
}
⊞Windows 11 Pro Terminal Execution OutputWindows 11 Pro Verified
⊞Administrator: Windows 11 Pro Command Prompt (g++ GCC 13.2.0)
—□✕
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.22631.3007] (Windows 11 Pro x86_64)
(c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
C:\Users\Student\CPP_Project>#include <iostream>
C:\Users\Student\CPP_Project> g++ -o main.exe main.cpp
C:\Users\Student\CPP_Project> main.exe
Hello World from C++ on Windows 11 Pro!
[Process exited with code 0 in 0.001 seconds]